Autonomous Weapon Systems Under International Law

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Alien Tort Statute, 28 USC § 135 (2012)

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Treaties

‘Declaration IV, 1 to Prohibit for the Term of Five Years the Launching of

Projectiles and Explosives from Balloons, and Other New Methods of

a Similar Nature’ in James Scott Brown (ed), The Hague Conventions

and Declarations of 1899 and 1907 (Oxford University Press, 2nd ed,

1915) 220

‘Declaration IV, 2 Concerning Asphyxiating Gases’ in James Scott Brown

(ed), The Hague Conventions and Declarations of 1899 and 1907 (Oxford University Press, 2nd ed, 1915) 225

‘Declaration IV, 3 Concerning Expanding Bullets’ in James Scott Brown

(ed), The Hague Conventions and Declarations of 1899 and 1907 (Oxford University Press, 2nd ed, 1915) 227

‘Declaration XIV Prohibiting the Discharge of Projectiles and Explosives

from Balloons’ in James Scott Brown (ed), The Hague Conventions and

Declarations of 1899 and 1907 (Oxford University Press, 2nd ed, 1915)

220

305

Additional Protocol to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on

the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be deemed to be

Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects (Protocol IV, entitled Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons), opened for signature 13

October 1995, 2024 UNTS 163 (entered into force 30 July 1998)

Convention (V) Respecting the Rights and Duties of Neutral Powers and

Persons in Case of War on Land, signed 18 October 1907, 205 CTS 299

(entered into force 26 January 1910)

Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies

in the Field, opened for signature 22 August 1864, 22 Stat 940 (entered

into force 22 June 1865)

Convention on Cluster Munitions, opened for signature 30 May 2008, 2688

UNTS 39 (entered into force 1 August 2010)

Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or

to Have Indiscriminate Effects, opened for signature 10 October 1980,

1342 UNTS 137 (entered into force 2 December 1983)

Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide,

opened for signature 9 December 1948, 78 UNTS 277 (entered into

force 12 January 1951)

Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction, opened for signature 10 April 1972, 1015 UNTS 163 (entered

into force 26 March 1975)

Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling

and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, opened for

signature 13 January 1993, 1974 UNTS 45 (entered into force 29 April

1997)

Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and

Transfer of Anti Personnel Mines and on their Destruction, opened for

signature 18 September 1997, 2056 UNTS 211 (entered into force 1

March 1999)

306

Convention respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land and its Annex:

Regulations concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land, signed

18 October 1907 [1910] ATS 8 (entered into force 26 January 1910)

Declaration Renouncing the Use, in Time of War, of Explosive Projectiles

under 400 Grams Weight, [1901] ATS 125 (signed and entered into force

11 December 1868)

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<https://www.icrc.org/ihl/INTRO/420?OpenDocument>

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and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field, opened for signature 12 August

1949, 75 UNTS 31 (entered into force 21 October 1950)

Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of Wounded, Sick

and Shipwrecked Members of Armed Forces at Sea, opened for signature 12 August 1949, 75 UNTS 85 (entered into force 21 October 1950)

Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of

War, opened for signature 12 August 1949, 75 UNTS 287 (entered into

force 21 October 1950)

Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, opened

for signature 12 August 1949, 75 UNTS 135 (entered into force 21 October 1950)

International Convention for Adapting to Maritime Warfare the Principles of

the Geneva Convention of 22 August 1864, signed 29 July 1899, [1901]

ATS 132 (entered into force 4 September 1900)

International Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes, signed 29 July 1899, [1901] ATS 130 (entered into force 4 September 1900)

International Convention relative to the Laying of Automatic Submarine

Contact Mines, signed 18 October 1907, [1910] ATS 11 (entered into

force 26 January 1910)

International Convention with respect to the Laws and Customs of War on

Land, signed 29 July 1899, [1901] ATS 131 (entered into force 4 September 1900)

307

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, opened for signature

16 December 1966, 999 UNTS 171 (entered into force 23 March 1976)

Project of an International Declaration concerning the Laws and Customs of

War, signed 27 August 1874 (reprinted in: The Proceedings of the Hague

Peace Conferences: The Conference of 1899 (James Brown Scott trans,

William S Hein & Co, 2000) 564 [trans of: Conférence internationale de

la paix. La Haye, 18 mai-29 juillet 1899. (first published 1907)])

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and

Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts

(Protocol I), opened for signature 8 June 1977, 1125 UNTS 3 (entered

into force 7 December 1978)

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts

(Protocol II), opened for signature 8 June 1977, 1125 UNTS 609 (entered into force 7 December 1979)

Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or

other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, opened for signature 17 June 1925, [1930] ATS 6 (entered into force 8 February 1928)

Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps

and Other Devices as amended on 3 May 1996 (Protocol II, as amended

on 3 May 1996) annexed to the Convention on

Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons

which may be deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects, opened for signature 3 May 1996, 2048 UNTS 93 (entered

into force 3 December 1998)

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, opened for signature 17

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