| Kitap Künyesi | |
| Yazar | Hakan HAKERİ, Derya TEKİN, Melik KARTAL, Kübra TUNÇ |
| Baskı Tarihi | 2021/01 |
| Baskı Sayısı | 1 |
| Boyut | 16x24 cm (Standart Kitap Boyu) |
| Cilt | Karton kapak |
| Sayfa Sayısı | 162 |
This book has been written with two goals in mind: (1) providing a textbook on the Turkish criminal law and criminal procedure law for the students in the Turkish law faculties which offer courses thought in English and (2) introducing the Turkish criminal law and criminal procedure law to foreign students. Recently, the cooperation of Turkey within the framework of ERASMUS program of European Union has increased the number of foreign law students in Turkey. It is important that these students are able to reach course books written in English for a positive learning experience.
This book presents an overview of the Turkish criminal law and criminal procedure law. It is easy for reading and understanding. In order to avoid any possible confusion, we have provided the Turkish translation of some legal concepts in brackets. We hope that it will be a useful learning tool for both Turkish and foreign law students.
CONTENTS
PREFACE ................................................................................................................... 5
CONTENTS ................................................................................................................ 7
TURKISH CRIMINAL LAW ........................................................................................ 13
I. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................... 13
SECTION I
GENERAL PART OF THE PENAL CODE
A. Principles of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Policy ..................................... 15
1. Rule of Law.................................................................................................. 15
2. Principle of Legality (in crime and punishment) ......................................... 16
3. Proportionality Rule.................................................................................... 17
4. Respect to Human Dignity .......................................................................... 17
5. Equal Protection of Law .............................................................................. 17
6. Principle of Culpability ................................................................................ 17
7. Individuality of Criminal Responsibility....................................................... 17
B. Application of Turkish Penal Code.................................................................... 18
1. Application of Turkish Penal Code in respect of Time ................................ 18
2. Application of Turkish Penal Code in respect of Location .......................... 19
a. Active Personality Principle................................................................... 20
b. Passive Personality Principle ................................................................. 21
c. Protective Principle ............................................................................... 22
d. Representation Principle (İkâme Yargı)................................................. 22
e. Universal Jurisdiction Principle ............................................................. 23
f. Retrial in Turkey .................................................................................... 24
g. Extradition of Foreigners....................................................................... 26
3. Application of Criminal Laws regarding Persons......................................... 29
a. resident of the Republic ........................................................................ 30
b. arliamentary Immunity.......................................................................... 30
ba. Absolute immunity (non-accountability)....................................... 30
bb. Temporary Immunity (no prosecution without the act of
the parliament).............................................................................. 31
8 CONTENTS
c. International jurisdictional immunity ................................................... 32
d. Some foreign soldiers and civilians and their relatives......................... 33
e. Civil servants/Public officials................................................................. 33
C. Elements of Crime ............................................................................................ 34
1. Legal Element of Crime/Typicality (tipiklik) ................................................ 34
a. Physical (objective) elements – Actus Reus .......................................... 35
aa. An act or omission to act............................................................... 35
ab. A particular harm or result............................................................ 37
ac. Causation (causal relation)........................................................... 37
b. Mental (subjective) elements – Mens Rea............................................ 37
ba. Dolus Directus – Criminal Intent .................................................. 37
bb. Dolus Eventualis – Eventual Intent – Recklessness ....................... 38
bc. Advertent (Conscious) and Inadvertent (Unconscious)
Negligence..................................................................................... 38
bd. The Aggravation of an Offence Due to Its Consequences............. 39
2. Element of Illegality/Unlawfulness (Lack of a Lawful Cause) ..................... 40
a. Executing a Provision (Art. 24/1) .......................................................... 41
b. Executing a Lawful Order (Art. 24/2) .................................................... 42
c. Self-defence (Art. 25/1) ........................................................................ 42
d. Use of a Right (Art. 26/1) ...................................................................... 43
e. Consent (Art. 26/2) ............................................................................... 43
D. Culpability......................................................................................................... 43
1. Criminal Capacity (Kusur Yeteneği – İsnat Kabiliyeti) ................................. 44
a. Reasons Affecting the Criminal Capacity .............................................. 44
aa. Age (Art. 31 TPC) ........................................................................... 44
ab. Insanity (Art. 32)............................................................................ 45
ac. Deafness and Dumbness (Art. 33)................................................. 45
ad. Ephemeral Reasons, Addiction to Alcohol and Drugs (Art.
34) ................................................................................................. 45
2. Reasons Affecting Culpability ..................................................................... 45
a. Unlawful and Binding Order of the Supervisor (Art. 24/2) ................... 46
b. State of Necessity (Art. 25/2)................................................................ 46
c. Force and Violence, Menace and Threat (Art. 28) ................................ 46
d. Expectability in Crimes by Omission ..................................................... 47
e. Unjust provocation (Art. 29) ................................................................. 47
CONTENTS 9
f. Exceeding of Limit in Excusatory Causes............................................... 47
g. Mistake Claims ...................................................................................... 48
h. Other Conditions of the Punishability ................................................... 49
ha. Objective conditions of punishability (Objektif
cezalandırılabilme şartları) ............................................................ 49
hb. Personal Excuses for Impunity and Personal Circumstances
Which Withdraw or Reduce Penalty (Şahsi cezasızlık
sebepleri ve Cezayı kaldıran veya cezada indirim yapılmasını
gerektiren şahsi sebepler) ............................................................. 50
E. Attempt ............................................................................................................ 51
1. Attempt to Commit a Crime ....................................................................... 51
2. Voluntary Abandonment (Gönüllü Vazgeçme) ........................................... 52
F. Participation in Crimes (iştirak) ........................................................................ 53
G. Joinder of Offences (İçtima) ............................................................................. 55
1. Joint Offence (Bileşik Suç)........................................................................... 55
2. Successive Offences (Zincirleme Suç) ......................................................... 56
3. Conceptual Aggregation/Joinder of Ideas (Fikri İçtima).............................. 57
H. Sanctions .......................................................................................................... 57
1. Suspension of the Sentence of Imprisonment............................................ 59
2. Dismissal of an Action and Termination of Punishment............................. 60
I. Execution of Penalties and Security Measures................................................. 61
1. General Framework: Principles, Goals and Procedure ............................... 61
2. Situations where Execution is Interrupted ................................................. 63
a. Postponement of Execution.................................................................. 64
aa. Mental illness, pregnancy, severe illness and disability ................ 65
ab. Request by the convict .................................................................. 66
ac. Decision by the court..................................................................... 67
b. Release on Probation (Koşullu salıverilme) ........................................... 67
SECTION II
SPECIAL PART OF THE PENAL CODE (CRIMES)
A. International Offences...................................................................................... 76
1. Genocide (Art. 76)....................................................................................... 76
2. Offences against Humanity (Art. 77)........................................................... 76
10 CONTENTS
3. Forming Organized Groups or Engaging in the Management of Such
Groups to Commit Genocide and/or Offences against Humanity (Art. 78)........ 77
4. Unlawful Transfer of Immigrants to a Country (Art. 79)............................. 78
5. Human Trade (Art. 80).................................................................................. 78
B. Offences against Individuals............................................................................. 79
1. Offences against Life................................................................................... 79
a. Voluntary Manslaughter – Intentional Killing/Homicide (Art. 81-83) .........79
b. Soliciting Suicide (Art. 84) ..................................................................... 81
c. Negligent Homicide (Art. 85) ................................................................ 82
2. Offences of Bodily Harm............................................................................. 82
a. Intentional Injury (Art. 86) .................................................................... 83
b. Abortion ................................................................................................ 83
3. Offences against Sexual Inviolability .......................................................... 85
a. Sexual Assault (Art. 102) (Cinsel saldırı)................................................ 85
b. Sexual Abuse of Children (Art. 103) (Çocukların Cinsel İstismarı)......... 86
c. Sexual Intercourse with the Person Who Has Not Attained the
Lawful Age (Art. 104) ............................................................................ 88
d. Sexual Harassment (Art. 105) (Cinsel Taciz).......................................... 88
4. Offences Against Freedom ......................................................................... 89
a. Threat (Art. 106) ................................................................................... 90
b. Deprivation of Freedom (Art. 109)........................................................ 90
c. Violation of the Inviolability of Residence (Art. 116) ............................ 91
5. Offences Against Honour............................................................................ 92
a. Insult (Art. 125) ..................................................................................... 92
aa. Aggravating Circumstances........................................................... 93
ab. Identification of the Victim ........................................................... 93
ac. Proof of Imputation...................................................................... 93
ad. Inviolability of Accusation and Defence........................................ 94
ae. Insulting on the Ground of an Unjust Act or Reciprocal
Insult.............................................................................................. 94
6. Offences Against Privacy and Secrecy of Life ............................................. 95
7. Offences against Property .......................................................................... 97
C. Offences Against the Public.............................................................................. 99
1. Offences Against Public Health................................................................... 99
2. Offences Against Public Confidence ......................................................... 100
a. Forgery of Official Document (Art. 204).............................................. 100
CONTENTS 11
b. Forgery of Private Document (Art. 207)................................................ 101
c. A Mitigating Circumstance for Both Crimes (Art. 211)........................ 102
d. A Special Joinder Rule Regarding Both Crimes (Art. 212) ................... 102
3. Offences Against Public Peace .................................................................. 102
a. Provocation to Commit an Offence (Art. 214) .................................... 102
b. Provoking the Public to Hatred, Hostility or Denigration (Art.
216) ..................................................................................................... 102
c. Establishing an Organisation for the Purpose of Committing a
Crime (Art. 220)................................................................................... 103
d. Effective Remorse for the Offence of Establishing an
Organisation for the Purpose of Committing a Crime (Art. 221) ........ 105
D. Offences against Nation and State ................................................................. 106
1. Offences Against the Reliability and Functioning of the Public
Administration .......................................................................................... 106
2. Offences Against the Judicial Bodies or the Court.................................... 108
a. Calumny (Art. 267) .............................................................................. 108
b. Non-Notification of Crime (Art. 278)................................................... 109
c. Destruction, Concealing or Altering Evidence (Art. 281)..................... 110
3. Offences against the Constitutional Order and its Functioning
Violation of the Constitution (Art. 309) .................................................... 110
SECTION III
TURKISH CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW
A. Principles of Criminal Procedure Law............................................................. 111
B. General Characteristics of Criminal Justice System in Turkey ........................ 118
C. Precautionary Measures................................................................................. 119
1. Being Stopped by the Police (Durdurma) ................................................. 120
2. Capture (Yakalama) and Custody (Gözaltı) ............................................... 120
3. Arrest (Tutuklama) and Judicial Control (Adli Kontrol) ............................. 121
4. Search (Arama) ......................................................................................... 125
D. Stages/Phases of Criminal Procedure in Turkey............................................. 126
1. Investigation ............................................................................................. 127
a. The Duties and Powers of the PPS ...................................................... 128
aa. Internal Structure of the PPS....................................................... 128
ab. The Justice of the Peace .............................................................. 129
12 CONTENTS
b. Ending the investigation ..................................................................... 129
c. Return of the Indictment .................................................................... 131
2. Prosecution (Trial) .................................................................................... 132
3. Decision to Delay the Pronouncement of the Judgement........................ 136
4. Legal Remedies: Opposition (İtiraz), Appeal on Facts and Law
(İstinaf) and Appeal on Law (Temyiz) ....................................................... 138
a. Opposition (İtiraz) ............................................................................... 138
b. Appeal on Facts and Law (İstinaf) ....................................................... 139
c. Appeal on Law (Temyiz) ...................................................................... 140
E. Special Adjudication Procedures (Özel Yargılama Usulleri) ........................... 142
1. Adjudication of Defaulters (Art. 244-246) (Gaiplerin Yargılanması)......... 142
2. Adjudication of Fugitives (Art. 247-248) (Kaçakların Yargılanması)......... 143
3. Speedy Trial Process (Art. 250) (Seri Muhakeme Usulü)........................... 145
4. Simple Trial Process (Art. 251-252) (Basit Yargılama Usulü).................... 147
5. Mediation (Art. 253) (Uzlaştırma) ............................................................ 149
F. Extraordinary Legal Remedies........................................................................ 153
1. The Power of Opposition by the Chief Public Prosecutor at the Court
of Cassation (Art. 308) (Yargıtay Cumhuriyet Başsavcısının İtiraz
Yetkisi) ...................................................................................................... 153
2. The Power of Opposition by the Chief Public Prosecutor at the
Regional Court of Appeal on Facts and Law (Art. 308/A) (Bölge
Adliye Mahkemesi Cumhuriyet Başsavcısının İtiraz Yetkisi)...................... 154
3. Reversal in favour of the Administration of Justice (Art. 309-310)
(Kanun Yararına Bozma)........................................................................... 154
4. New Trial (Art. 311-323) (Yargılamanın Yenilenmesi) .............................. 156
a. Grounds for a New Trial in Favour of the Convict............................... 156
b. Grounds for a New Trial against the Interests of the Accused or
the Convict .......................................................................................... 157
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................... 159
Copyright 1985 - 2024 | Yetkin Basım Yayım Dağıtım San. ve Tic. A.Ş.
