Yapay Zekanın Ceza Sorumluluğu ve Kişilik Tartışmaları

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Yapay Zekanın Ceza Sorumluluğu ve Kişilik Tartışmaları

Berat ÇAMLICA

İÇİNDEKİLER

TEŞEKKÜR...................................................................................vii

İÇİNDEKİLER...............................................................................ix

KISALTMALAR............................................................................xi

1.GİRİŞ ............................................................................................1

2. TEMEL KAVRAMLAR VE GENEL BİLGİLER....................3

2.1. ROBOT.................................................................................3

2.1.1. Kavram........................................................................3

2.1.2. Tarihsel Gelişim ..........................................................5

2.2. YAPAY ZEKA.....................................................................6

2.2.1. Kavram........................................................................6

2.2.2. Tarihsel Gelişim ........................................................ 10

2.2.2.1. Çimlenme Dönemi......................................... 10

2.2.2.2. Yapay Zekanın Doğuşu ve Gelişimi .............. 11

2.2.2.3. Yapay Zekayı Geliştirmenin Çukuru ve 

Yeniden Dirilişi ............................................. 12

2.2.3. Yapay Zeka Araştırmalarına Esas Bileşenler............. 13

2.2.3.1. Öğrenme ........................................................ 13

2.2.3.2. Muhakeme..................................................... 14

2.2.3.3. Problem Çözme ............................................. 15

2.2.3.4. Algılama........................................................ 16

2.2.3.5. Dil ................................................................. 18

2.3. YAPAY ZEKAYA İLİŞKİN ULUSAL ve 

ULUSLARARASI METİNLER ......................................... 19

2.3.1. Montreal Deklarasyonu ............................................. 23

2.3.2. Toronto Deklarasyonu ............................................... 25

2.3.3. Stanford Raporu......................................................... 26

2.3.4. Avrupa Birliği Hukuk İşleri Komitesi Raporu ........... 27

2.3.5. Avrupa Komisyonu Yapay Zekaya İlişkin Beyaz 

Kitap- Mükemmellik ve Güvene Avrupa 

Yaklaşımı ................................................................... 28

2.3.6. Avrupa Birliği Yapay Zeka Yasası Teklifi ................ 29

x

2.3.7. CAHAI- Yapay Zeka Ad Hoc Komitesi 

Çalışmaları ................................................................. 31

2.3.8. Güney Kore Robot Etiği Bildirgesi............................ 33

2.3.9. Birleşik Krallık Mühendislik ve Fiziksel Araştırma 

Konseyi Robotik İlkeleri ............................................ 34

2.3.10. Türkiye Ulusal Yapay Zeka Stratejisi 2021-2025 .... 35

3. CEZA HUKUKUNDA YAPAY ZEKA 

DEĞERLENDİRMESİ............................................................ 36

3.1. YAPAY ZEKANIN CEZA SORUMLULUĞU .................. 38

3.1.1. Ceza Sorumluluğun Tarihsel Gelişimi ...................... 39

3.1.2. Ceza Sorumluluğunun Temel İlkeleri ....................... 41

3.1.2.1. Kusur İlkesi ................................................. 41

3.1.2.2. Şahsilik İlkesi .............................................. 43

3.1.3. Türk Ceza Hukuku’ndan Yapay Zekanın Ceza 

Sorumluluğuna Bakış ................................................. 45

3.2. YAPAY ZEKANIN KİŞİLİK TARTIŞMALARI .............. 50

3.2.1. Yapay Zekanın Kişiliğine Muhalif Görüşler............ 52

3.2.2. Yapay Zekanın Kişiliğine İlişkin Görüşler .............. 56

3.2.2.1. Tüzel Kişilik Önerisi ..................................... 58

3.2.2.2. Elektronik Kişilik Önerisi.............................. 65

3.2.2.4. Köle Önerisi .................................................. 68

SONUÇ........................................................................................... 75

KAYNAKÇA ................................................................................. 81



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