Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin Yönetim Yapısı

Yayınevi: Yetkin Yayınları
Yazar: Bilge UZ
ISBN: 9786050511857
340,00 TL 400,00 TL

Adet

 
   0 yorum  |  Yorum Yap
Kitap Künyesi
Yazar Bilge UZ
Baskı Tarihi 2022/04
Baskı Sayısı 1
Boyut 16x24 cm (Standart Kitap Boyu)
Cilt Karton kapak
Sayfa Sayısı 429

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin Yönetim Yapısı

Av. Dr. Bilge UZ


İÇİNDEKİLER ................................................................................ vii

TABLOLAR .......................................................................................xi

GÖRSELLER....................................................................................xv

KISALTMALAR ........................................................................... xvii

SUNUŞ................................................................................................19

ÖNSÖZ...............................................................................................21

GİRİŞ .................................................................................................23

BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM

ABD YÖNETİM SİSTEMİNİN 

KURULUŞU VE TEMELLERİ

I.1. ABD Yönetim Sisteminin Tarihsel Perspektifi .....................30

I.1.1. Bağımsızlık Bildirgesi: İngiliz Monarşi Yönetimine 

Başkaldırı.....................................................................30

I.1.2. Federal Anayasanın Kabulü ve Yeni Bir Devletin 

Doğuşu ......................................................................41

I.1.3. ABD Yönetim Geleneğinin Oluşması ve Anti-Devletçi 

Yaklaşımın Etkisi ........................................................53

I.2. ABD Yönetim Sisteminin Anayasal Özellikler Açısından 

İncelenmesi ............................................................................86

I.2.1. Federal Anayasanın Değiştirilmesi: Yöntem ve 

Etkileri ......................................................................89

I.2.2. Anayasal Güçler Ayrılığı İlkesinin İşlevi: Denetim ve 

Denge Mekanizması ....................................................94

I.2.3. Anayasal İlkeler Temelinde Yönetsel Gücün 

Parçalanması ve Dağılımı............................................98

I.3. Siyasal ve Yönetsel Kültür: Sesini Yükseltebilen ve 

Yönetime Duyuran bir Toplum............................................101

I.3.1. Çoğulcu Kültürün Kamu Politikası Yapımındaki Rolü 

ve Karar Alma Süreçlerine Etkileri ...........................114

I.3.2. Kamu Politikası Yapımı Sürecinin Aşamaları ve 

İşleyişinin Örneklendirilmesi ....................................119

viii

İKİNCİ BÖLÜM

FEDERAL YÖNETİMİN YAPISI 

VE İŞLEYİŞİ

II.1. Yönetsel Katmanlar Arasında Güç Paylaşımını Sağlayan Bir 

Araç: Federalizm..................................................................127

II.1.1. Federalizm Kavramı ve Örgütlenmedeki Değişim ...127

II.1.2. New York Eyaletinin Pandemi ile Mücadelesi: ABD 

Federal Sisteminin İşleyişi Açısından Güncel Bir 

Örnek ................................................................... 135

II.2. ABD Federal Sisteminde Yasama Fonksiyonunun İşleyişi: 

Kongre .................................................................................138

II.2.1. Yönetsel Gücün Dengeli Dağılımda Kongrenin Rolü ve 

Önemi ....................................................................139

II.2.2. Temsili Demokrasinin Sembolü: Kongrenin 

Yapılanması...............................................................143

II.2.3. Amerikan Toplumunu Oluşturan Çeşitliliğin Temsili: 

Kongre Üyelerin Dağılımı.........................................155

II.2.4. Ağır İşleyen ve Karmaşık Bir Mekanizma: Yasama 

Sürecinde Kanunların Yapımı ...................................164

II.3. Federal Yönetimi Harekete Geçiren Güç Olarak Yürütme 

Organı ..................................................................................168

II.3.1. ABD Başkanı: Güçlü ve Sınırlandırılmış Yetkilerle 

Donatılmış Bir Aktör.................................................170

II.3.2. Başkanın Seçimi ve Görev Süresi Açısından Anayasal 

Denge Mekanizmalarının İşleyişi..............................173

II.3.2.1. Başkanın Görev ve Yetkileri........................180

II.3.2.2. Başkanlık Örgütünün Yapılanması ve Politika 

Yapımındaki Rolü ......................................189

II.3.3. Federal Bürokrasinin Yönetsel Birimler ve Federal 

Kurumlar Açısından İşleyişi......................................237

II.3.3.1. Federal Bürokrasinin Gelişimi ve Siyasi 

Etkilerden Arındırılması.............................242

II.3.3.2. Federal Bürokrasiyi Oluşturan Yönetsel 

Yapılar ve Özellikleri .................................249

II.3.3.3. Federal Bürokrasinin Temel Bileşenleri......258

II.4. Güçlü Bir Yönetim Sisteminin Temeli Olarak Yargı 

Organı ..................................................................................262

ix

II.4.1. Yargı Sisteminin Federal Düzeydeki İşleyişi............262

II.4.2. En Tehlikesiz Güç: Yüksek Mahkemenin Yapısı ve 

İşleyişi ....................................................................270

II.4.3. Yüksek Mahkeme Kararlarının Politika Yapımındaki 

Rolü ....................................................................279

II.5. Kuvvetler Arası İlişkilerin Bir Analizi: Kongre Binası Baskını 

Örnek Olayı..........................................................................283

ÜÇÜNCÜ BÖLÜM

EYALETLER VE YEREL YÖNETİMLERİN 

YAPISI VE İŞLEYİŞİ

III.1. Eyaletlerin Yönetimi ve Eyalet Anayasalarının Özellikleri.308

III.1.1. Sistemin Laboratuvarı: Eyalet Düzeyinde Yasama 

Fonksiyonu ................................................................313

III.1.2. Eyalet Düzeyinde Yürütme Fonksiyonunun İşleyişi ve 

Eyalet Valileri............................................................315

III.1.3. Normlar Hiyerarşisi ve Eyalet Düzeyindeki Yargı 

Fonksiyonu ................................................................318

III.2. Yerel Yönetimlerin Özellikleri ve Dillon Kuralının Etkisi..323

III.2.1. Yerel Yönetimler Düzeyinde Örgütlenme Türleri...326

III.2.1.1. Bölge Yönetimlerinin Yapılanması ve 

Yetkileri......................................................328

III.2.1.2. İdari ve Mali Özerkliğe Sahip Yapılanmalar: 

Özel Bölge Yönetimleri..............................333

III.2.1.3. Belediye Yönetimlerinin Yapılanması ve 

Eyalet Yönetimleri ile İlişkisi.....................338

III.2.2. Columbia Federal Bölgesinin Yönetimi Üzerinden 

Yapısal Bir Örneklendirme........................................342

III.2.2. Metropoliten Alanların Yönetimi ............................348

III.2.2.1. Eyaletlerin Şekillendirdiği Yönetim Birimleri: 

Kentlerin Yönetimi.....................................350

III.2.2.2. Doğrudan Demokrasinin Bir Uygulaması: 

Kasabaların Yönetimi.................................353

III.3. Yönetimler Arası İlişkiler Yönünden ABD Yönetim 

Sisteminin Değerlendirilmesi ..............................................357

SONUÇ.............................................................................................377

KAYNAKLAR ................................................................................389

x

EKLER.............................................................................................421

Ek 1. Başkanlık Seçimlerine Katılım ve Politika Sorunlarının 

Desteklenme Oranlarının Karşılaştırması............................421

Ek 2. Seçmen Verileri Bazında 1980-2016 Başkanlık Seçimleri 

Karşılaştırması .....................................................................422

Ek 3. Yüksek Mahkeme Yargıç Sayılarının 1789 Yılından 

Günümüze Değişimi ............................................................424

Ek 4. Yüksek Mahkeme Kararları ve Kamuoyu Görüşleri ...........425

Ek 5. Etnik Köken ve Diğer Farklılıklar Bazında Federal İş Gücü 

Dağılımı ...............................................................................426

Ek 6. Kamu Düzeninin Korunması ve İfade Özgürlüğüne Atfedilen

Önem Düzeyi Kıyası............................................................427

Ek 7. Siyasi Parti Çoğunlukları Bazında ABD Başkanları ve 

Kongre (1993-2018) ............................................................429


Oldukça karmaşık ve parçalı bir yapı sergileyen Amerika Birleşik 

Devletleri federal yönetim sistemi, örgütlenmesi ve gelişmişlik ölçüsü 

dikkate alındığında, incelemeye değer bir alan olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Amerikan yönetim sistemi, kolonyal dönemden günümüze,

tarihsel, toplumsal, politik, sosyo-ekonomik ve diğer kendine özgü faktörlerin etkisiyle oluşmuş bir tür yönetsel icat olarak kabul edilebilir. 

Kitapta Amerikan yönetim sistemi, üç temel kısım altında, kuruluşundan günümüze detaylı olarak incelenmektedir ve anayasal yapının işleyişi federal ve eyaletler düzeyinde ayrı ayrı anlatılmaktadır. Bu kitap

kaynağını, öncesinde doktora tezi olarak hazırlanan çalışmadan almaktadır. 

Bu çalışmanın tez olarak ortaya çıkmasına ve sonra kitap haline getirilmesinde büyük katkıları olan, çalışmaya ilham veren tez danışmanım Prof. Dr. Can Umut Çiner’e, değerli görüşleri ile bu çalışmanın 

gelişmesini sağlayan hocalarım Prof. Dr. Taşansu Türker, Doç. Dr. Tekin Avaner ile Doç. Dr. Ozan Zengin’e içten teşekkürlerimi sunarım.

Çalışma sürecinde benden desteğini asla esirgemeyen aileme, çalışmalarıyla bu kitaba akademik katkı sağlayan tüm hocalarıma, SelimeYıldırım, Elifcan Altınışık ve Duygu Bankoğlu başta olmak üzere arkadaşlarıma ve bu kitabın okuyuculara ulaşmasını sağlayan Yetkin Yayınevi

çalışanlarına ayrıca teşekkür ederim. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin 

Yönetim Yapısı başlıklı bu kitabın, inceleme alanına katkı sağlamasını 

ve okuyuculara faydalı olmasını dilerim.

Abernathy, S. F. (2019). American Government Stories of a Nation, Brief Edition. California: Sage Publications Inc.

Abbott, P. (2013). Bad Presidents: Failure in the White House.

New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Ahrend, R., Gamper, C., Schumann, A. (2014). The OECD Metropolitan Governance Survey: A Quantitative Description of Governance 

Structures in Large Urban Agglomerations. OECD Regional Development Working Papers 2014/04, 

https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jz43zldh08p-en

Akbay, M. (1950). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinin Anayasa Tarihi.

Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(7), 18-39.

Akdoğan, A. A. (2015). Danıştay Kararlarında Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği Kavramlarının İzini Sürmek. Memleket Siyaset Yönetim, 10(24), 

1-20.

Akdoğan, A. A. (2006). Siyasal Kültür ve Sosyal Sermayenin Karşılaştırılması: Türkiye İçin Bazı Çıkarsamalar. Akdeniz İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, (12) 162-187.

Akipek, İ. (1953). John Locke'un Siyasi Fikirleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 254-268.

Althaus, S. L., Nardulli, P.F., Shaw, D. R. (2002). Candidate Appearances in Presidential Elections, 1972-2000. Political Communication, 19 (1), 49-72.

AO, Administrative Office of the United States Courts (2016). The 

Federal Court System in the United States. Washington: Judicial Services Office Department of Program Services.

AO, Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts (2001). The Federal 

Court System: An Introduction for Judges and Judicial Administrators 

in Other Countries. Washington: Office of Judges Programs.

Arnold, P. A. (2004). About America, How the United States is 

Governed. Virginia: Braddock Communications.

390

Aslan, D. A. (2014). Modern Türkiye Tarihini Dönemlendirme Meselesi. Türk Tarih Eğitimi Dergisi, 3(2), 65-81.

Avaner, T., Çiner, C. U. (2019). Karşılaştırmalı İç Güvenlik Yönetimine Giriş: Ülke Örnekleri. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.

Ayhan, U. (2008). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde Yerel yönetimler. Sayıştay Dergisi, 70, 103-120.

Bancroft, G. (1874). History of the United States, From the Discovery to the American Continent. Boston: Little Brown Company.

Barth, C. A. & Ferriero, D. S. (2014). The United States Government Manual. Office of the Federal Register National Archives and 

Records Administration.

Baum, L. (2021). Ideology and the Court’s Work. Morgan Marietta 

(Editör), SCOTUS 2020: Major Decisions and Developments of the 

U.S. Supreme Court. (s.163-172), New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Baumgartner, J. C. (2017). The Vice Presidency in the 21st Century. 

Pepperdine Law Review, 44(561), 561-582.

Bennett, A. J. (2017). US Government and Politics for A-Level.

London: Hodder Education.

Benton, E.J. (2020). Challenges to Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations and Takeaways Amid the COVID-19 Experience. American Review of Public Administration. 50(6-7), 536-542. DOI: 

10.1177/0275074020941698

Bernstein, M. A. (1987). The Great Depression: Delayed Recovery 

and Economic Change in America, 1929-1939. Louis Galambos ve Robert Gallman (Editörler), Studies in Economic History and Policy the 

United States in The Twentieth Century. (s.184-206), New York: 

Cambridge University Press.

Binder, S. A., Maltzman, F. (2009). Advice&Dissent: The 

Struggle to Shape the Federal Judiciary. Washington: Brookings Institution Press.

Black, H. C., (1910). Handbook of American Constitutional 

Law. Minnesota: West Publishing Company.

Bledsoe, S., Mayer, J. D. (2021). The National Economic Council, 

The White House Transition Project 1997-2021, Report 2021-35. 

391

https://whitehousetransitionproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/WHTP2021-35-National-Economic-Council.pdf

(17.06.2021).

Boehm, L. K., Corey, S. H. (2015). America’s Urban History.

New York: Routledge.

Bolton, J. (2020). The Room Where It Happened: A White House Memoir. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Borowiak, C. T. (2007). Accountability Debates: The Federalists, 

The Anti-Federalists and Democratic Deficits. The Journal of Politics,

(69)4, 998–1014.

Borrelli, M., Tenpas D. K., Wright L. A. (2017). The Office of the 

First Lady. The White House Transition Project 1997-2017 Report.

Texas: Baker Institute Moody Foundation.

Bowles, N., McMahon, R. (2014). Government and Politics of the 

United States. UK: Macmillan Education. 

Bowles, N. (1993). The Government and Politics of the United 

States. NewYork: St. Martin's Press, Inc.

Bowman, A. O’M., Kearney R. C. (2011). State and Local Government. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc. 

Brannen, D.E. (2005). Checks and Balances: The Three Branches 

of the American Government. Michigan: Thomson Gale Imprint. 

Brudnick, A. I. (2011). The Congressional Research Service and the 

American Legislative Process. CRS Report for Congress, 7-5700.

Brudnick, A. I., Manning, J. E. (2018). African American Members 

of the United States. CRS Report for Congress, Congress: 1870-2018, 

7-5700.

Bruff, H., H. (2014). The President and Congress: Separation of 

Powers in the United States of America, Adelaide Law Review, 35(2),

205-223.

Buchanan, B. (2004). The Policy Partnership: Presidential Elections and American Democracy. New York: Taylor & Francis Books, 

Inc.

392

Caldwell, L. K. (2002). Public Administration the New Generation: 

Management in High Information Level Societies. Eran Vigoda (Editör), Public Administration an Interdisciplinary Critical Analysis. 

(s.151-176), New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.

Cammisa, A. M. (1995). Governments as Interest Groups: Intergovernmental Lobbying and the Federal System. Westport, Conneticut: Praeger Publishers.

Caputo, A. D. (1977). Policy Making and Politics in America: An 

Introduction. David A. Caputo (Editör), The Politcs of Policy Making 

in America. (s.166-174), San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.

Carbado, D. W., Rock, P. (2016). What Exposes African Americans 

to Police Violence. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, 51(1), 160-186.

Card, D. (2009) Immigration: How Immigration Affects US. Cities. 

Robert P. Inman (Editör), Making Cities Work: Prospects and Policies for Urban America. (s.158-200), New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Casper G. (1992). The Judiciary Act of 1789 and Judicial Independence. Maeva Marcus (Editör), Origins of the Federal Judiciary: Essays on the Judiciary Act of 1789. (s. 281-298), New York: Oxford 

University Press.

Cavalli, C. D. (2013). The Presidency. Carl D. Cavalli (Editör), The 

Basics of American Government. (s.175-198), Georgia: University 

Press of North Georgia.

CBO, Congressional Budget Office (2013). Federal Grants to 

State and Local Governments. https://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/113th-congress-2013-2014/reports/03-05-13federalgrantsonecol.pdf (27.08.2020).

Chelf, C. P. (1981). Public Policy Making in America: Difficult 

Choices, Limited Solutions. Illionis: Scott Foresman and Company.

Cohen, J. E. (2018) The Historical Memory of American Presidents 

in the Mass Public. Social Sciences, 7(36), 2-14.

Cole, P. J., Garvey, T. (2015). Impeachment and Removal. CRS 

Report for Congress, 7-5700.

393

Coleman, J. J., Goldstein, K. M., Howell, W. G. (2009). Understanding American Politics and Government. New York: Longman.

Collin, P. H. (2004). Dictionary of Politics and Government.

Cambridge: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Committee on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate, (1993). Nomination of 

Judge Clarence Thomas to be Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States Hearings Before the Committee on the Judiciary United States Senate. 102ndCongress First Session on the Nomination of Clarence Thomas to be Associate Justice of the Supreme 

Court of the United States September 10, 11, 12, 13, and 16 1991 Part 

1 of 4 Parts, J-102-40, Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Contrubis, J. (1999). Executive Orders and Proclamations. CRS Report for Congress, 7-5700.

Conway, M. M. (2001). Political Participation in American Elections: Who Decides What? William Crotty (Editör), America's Choice 

2000. (ss.79-94), Colorado: Westview Press.

Cook, B. (2007). Democracy and Administration: Woodrow 

Wilson’s Ideas and the Challenges of Public Management. Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

Corbett-Hemeyer, J. (2016). Religion in America. New York: Routledge.

Crocker, T. P., (2011). Presidential Power and Constitutional Responsibility. Boston College Law Review, 52(5), 1551-1627.

Crompton, S. W. (2007). McCulloch v. Maryland: Implied 

Powers of the Federal Government. New York: Infobase Publishing.

Crosby, A.W. (2003). America's Forgotten Pandemic the Influenza of 1918. New York: Cambridge University Press.

CRS, Congressional Research Service (2019). Federal Grants to 

State and Local Governments: A Historical Perspective on Contemporary Issues. 22.06.2019 CRS Report. https://fas. org/sgp/crs/ misc/ 

R40638.pdf (27.08.2020).

CRS, Congressional Research Service (2000). The President’s Cabinet: Evolution, Alternatives, and Proposals for Change. 12.09.2000. 

CRS Report. https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20000912 

394

_RL30673_eb2a8e39b86e0c3686894f26818c2339590bed6b.pdf 

(25.05.2020).

CRS, Congressional Research Service (1997). The U.S. Presidency: 

Office and Powers. 07.01.1997 CRS Report. https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/19970107_97-

73_4ada5794f7e959b9fa71b60372892dcd446546e3.pdf (31.05.2020).

CRS, Congressional Research Service (2020-a). Membership of the 

116th Congress: A Profile. 31.03.2020 CRS Report. https://fas.org/ 

sgp/crs/misc/R45583.pdf (17.05.2020).

CRS, Congressional Research Service (2020-b). Women in Congress: Statistics and Brief Overview. 15.01.2020 CRS Report.

https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43244.pdf (17.05.2020).

CRS, Congressional Research Service (2020-c). Supreme Court Appointment Process: Senate Debate and Confirmation Vote. 16.10.2020 

CRS Report. R44234. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/ pdf/ 

R/R44234 (10.11.2020).

CRS, Congressional Research Service (2020-d). Office of Science 

and Technology Policy (OSTP): History and Overview. 03.03.2020 

CRS Report. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43935.pdf (17.06.2021).

Congressional Research Service (2020-e). The Impeachment Process in the Senate. 21.03.2020 CRS Report. R46185. https://fas. org/ 

sgp/crs/misc/R46185.pdf (01.08.2021).

Cruz, T. (2020). One Vote Away: How a Single Supreme Court 

Seat Can Change History. Washington: Regnery Publishing.

Cuomo, A. (2020). Leadership Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic. New York: Crown.

Curtis, G. T. (1858). History of the Origin, formation, and Adoption of the Constitution of the United States. New York: Harper and 

Brothers.

Çiner, C. U. (2021). Kamu Yönetimi Bilimi: Dün, Bugün, Yarını.

Can Umut Çiner (Editör), Yönetim Bilimini Yeniden Düşünmek Durum Değerlendirmesi. (s. 1-36), Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.

395

Çiner, C. U. (2010). Devlet Reformunda Yerelleşme ve Bölgeselleşme: Türkiye’ye Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış (Yayımlanmış Doktora 

Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye.

Çiner, C. U. (2009). Fransız Yönetim Düşüncesinin Gelişimi: Polis 

Biliminden Örgüt Bilimine. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 42(1), 1-22.

Çiner, C. U. (2008). Güncel Fransız Yönetim Yazını. Memleket Siyaset Yönetim, 3(8), 149-165.

Dade County, (2016). The Home Rule Amendment and Charter. 

Miami Florida, https://www.miamidade.gov/charter/library/charter.pdf

(19.08.2020).

Dahl, R. A. (1947). The Science of Public Administration: Three 

Problems. Public Administration Review, 7(1), 1-11.

Dailey, J. (2004). White Supremacy. Julian E. Zelizer (Editör), The 

American Congress: The Building of Democracy. (s.250-267), Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Dautrich, K., Yalof, D. A. (2012). American Government: Historical, Popular and Global Perspectives, Brief Version. Boston: 

Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc. 

D.C. Office of Planning (2016). Washington the Government and 

the People. https://planning.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/op/page_ 

content/attachments/Chapter%201_1.pdf (12.10.2020).

Des Jardins, J. (2003). Women and the Historical Enterprise in 

America Gender, Race, and the Politics of Memory, 1880–1945.

Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.

Dewhirst, R. E. (2007). Encyclopedia of the United States Congress. New York: Infobase Publishing.

Dikmen, A. A. (2015). Makine, İş, Kapitalizm ve İnsan. Ankara: 

NotaBene Yayınları.

Dinan, J. (2014). Relations between State and National Governments. Markel-Haider, D. P. (Editor) The Oxford Handbook of State 

and Local Government, New York: Oxford University Press Inc.

Domhoff, G. W. (2006). Who rules America: Power and Politics. 

New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

396

Downey, D. C., Myers, W. M. (2020). Federalism, Intergovernmental Relationships, and Emergency Response: A Comparison of Australia and the United States. American Review of Public Administration. (6-7) 526–535. DOI: 10.1177/0275074020941696 

Dubin, M. J. (2002). United States Presidential Elections, 1788–

1860 The Official Results by County and State. North Carolina: 

McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers.

Duignan, B. (2010). The Executive Branch of the Federal Government: Purpose, Process and People. New York: Britannica Educational Publishing.

Durant, R. F. (2020). Building The Compensatory State: An Intellectual History and Theory of American Administrative Reform.

New York: Routledge.

Eckman S. J., Egar W. (2019). House Committee Party Ratios: 98th

-

116th Congresses. CRS Report for Congress, 7-5700.

Edling, M. M. (2003). A Revolution in Favor of Government: 

Origins of the U.S. Constitution and the Making of the American 

State. New York: Oxford University Press Inc.

Edwards III, G. C., Wattenberg, M. P., Lineberry, R. L. (2011). Government in America, People, Politics and Policy. New York: Longman.

Eggers, W. D. (2009). From Conflict to Collaboration: Lessons in 

Networked Governance from the Federal Cooperative Conservation 

Initiative. Stephen Goldsmith ve Donald F. Kettl (Editörler), Unlocking The Power of Networks: Keys to High-Performance Government. (s.15-33), Washington: Brookings Institution Press.

Eichner, M. (2010). The Supportive State: Families, Government 

and America’s Political Ideals. New York: Oxford University Press, 

Inc.

Ellis, R. J. (2009). Judging Executive Power: Sixteen Supreme 

Court Cases That Have Shaped the American Presidency. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc.

Ellis, C., Stimson, J. A. (2012). Ideology in America. New York: 

Cambridge University Press. 

397

Emre, C. (2003). Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininin Gelişim Sürecinde 

Karşılaştırmalı Kamu Yönetiminin Yeri. Cahit Emre (Editör), Yönetim 

Bilimi Yazıları. (s.69-99), Ankara: İmaj Yayınevi.

Endicott, T. (2009). Administrative Law. New York: Oxford University Press.

Engel, J. A., Meacham, J., Naftali, T., Baker, P. (2018). Impeachment: An American History. New York: Modern Library. 

Engerman L. S. (2007). Government in Colonial America. Douglass 

C. North (Editör), Government and the American Economy: A New 

History. (s.37-55), Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Epstein, D. F. (1984). The Political Theory of the Federalist. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 

Ergun, T. (1995). Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininin Gelişmesine Kısa 

Bir Bakış: Yeni Arayışlar ve Gerçekler. Kamu Yönetimi Sempozyum 

Bildirileri, TODAİE No: 261. IIAS/UYBE Türkiye Ulusal Seksiyonu 

No:1, (ss.7-13), Ankara: TODAİE.

Ergun, T. (1997). Postmodernizm ve Kamu Yönetimi, Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 30(4), 3-15.

Eryılmaz, B. (2012). Kamu Yönetimi, Düşünceler, Yapılar, 

Fonksiyonlar, Politikalar. İzmit: Umuttepe Yayınları.

Faber, M. J. (2011). Our Federalist Constitution the Founders' 

Expectations and Contemporary American Government. El Paso: 

LFB Scholarly Publishing LLC.

Faulkner, H. U. (1957). American Politcal and Social History.

New York: Appleton Century Crofts Inc.

File, T. (2018). Characteristics of Voters in the Presidential Election 

of 2016 Population Characteristics. Current Population Reports, US 

Census Bureau P20-582. https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2018/demo/P20-582.pdf (09.10.2020).

Fishback, P., Higgs, R., Libecap, G. D., Wallis, J.J., Hummel, J. R., 

Troesken, W. (2007). Government and the American Economy, A 

New History. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Fişek, K., (1971). The Genesis of Bureaucracy in England and the 

U.S. of America. SBF Dergisi, 26(1), 113-152.

398

Fişek, K., (2012). Yönetim. Ankara: Kilit Yayınları.

Ford, L. E., Bardes, A. B., Schmidt, S. W., Shelley II, M. C. (2018).

American Government and Politics Today, Without Policy Chapters Edition. Boston: Cengage Learning.

Fowler, L. L. (1996). Candidates, Congress, and the American 

Democracy. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.

Franklin, D. P. (2014). Pitiful Giants, Presidents in Their Final 

Terms. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Frantzich, S.E., Ernst, H.R. (2009). The Political Science Toolbox 

a Research Companion to American Government. Maryland: 

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Inc.

Frederickson, H. G., Smith K. B., Larimer, C. W., Licari, M. J. 

(2012). The Public Administration Theory Primer. Colorado: Westview Press. 

Frederickson, H. G. (2010). Social Equity and Public Administration: Origins, Developments and Applications. New York: M. E. 

Sharpe Inc.

Frederickson, H. G., Matkin, D. (2005). Public Administration and 

Shared Power: Understanding Governance, Networks and Partnerships. 

Working Group on Interlocal Services Cooperation, Political Science. http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/interlocal_coop/8

Frederickson, H. G. (1999). The Repositioning of American Public 

Administration. Political Science and Politics. 32(4), 701-711.

Frederickson, H. G. (1997). The Spirit of Public Administration.

California: Jossey-Bass.

Frederickson, H. G. (1990). Public Administration and Social 

Equity. Public Administration Review, 50(2), 228-237. 

Friedberg, A. L. (2000). In the Shadow of the Garrison State: 

America’s Anti-Statism and It’s Cold War Grand Strategy. New 

Jersey: Princeton University Press. 

Froese, P. (2014). Religion and American Politics from a Global 

Perspective. Religions, 5(3), 648-662. https://doi. org/10. 3390/ 

rel5030648

399

Fry, B. R., Raadschelders, J. C. N. (2014). Mastering Public Administration: From Max Weber to Dwight Waldo. Washington: 

Sage Publications, Inc.

Geer, J. G., Herrera, R., Schiller, W., Segal, J. A. (2018). Gateways 

to Democracy: An Introduction to American Government. Boston: 

Cengage Learning.

Genovese, M., Han, L. C. (2009). Encyclopedia of American Government and Civics. New York: Facts on File Inc. Infobase Publishing. 

Genovese, M. A., Spitzer, R. J. (2005). The Presidency and the 

Constitution: Cases and Controversies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Gerhardt, M. J. (2000). The Federal Impeachment Process: A 

Constitutional and Historical Analysis. Chicago: The University of 

Chicago Press.

Gimpel, J. G., Kaufmann, K., Pearson-Merkowitz, S. (2007). Battleground States versus Blackout States: The Behavioral Implications of 

Modern Presidential Campaigns. The Journal of Politics. 3(8), 786-

797. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2508.2007.00575.x

Gitelson, A. R., Dudley, R. L., Dubnick, M. J. (2012). American 

Government. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc. 

Ghosh, C. (2013). The Politics of the American Dream: Democratic Inclusion in Contemporary American Political Culture. New 

York: Palgrave Macmillan Publishers Limited.

Goodman, C. B. (2019). Patterns in Special District Creation and 

Dissolution. SocArXiv, 6(6), 1-19. https://doi. org/10. 31235/osf 

.io/zwgjh.

Gore, A. (1993). From Red Tape to Results, Creating a Government That Works Better and Costs Less. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/ stis1993/ npr93a/ 

npr93a.txt.

Gözler, K. (2018). Mahallî İdareler Hukuku. Bursa: Ekin Kitapevi.

400

Grau, L. (2012). An American Constitutional History Course for 

Non-American Students. Madrid: Carlos III University of Madrid

Press. 

Greenberg, K. S. (1985). Masters and Statesmen: The Political Culture of American Slavery. Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University 

Press.

Greitens, T. (2008). Environmental Policy. Evan M. Berman ve 

Jack Rabin (Editörler), Encyclopedia of Public Administration and 

Public Policy. (ss.672-675), New York: Taylor & Francis Group.

Groseclose, T., King, D. C. (1998). Little Theatre: Committees in 

Congress. Herbert F. Weisberg ve Samuel C. Patterson (Editörler), 

Great Theatre the American Congress in the 1990s. (s. 135-173) 

New York: Cambridge University Press.

Grossi, S. (2015). The U.S. Supreme Court’s Modern Common 

Law Approach to Judicial Decision Making. New York: Cambridge 

University Press.

Grover, W. F., Peschek, J. G. (2014). The Unsustainable Presidency, Clinton, Bush, Obama, and Beyond. New York: Palgrave 

Macmillan.

Gulick, L. (1937). Science, Values and Public Administration. Kenneth Thompson (Editör), The Early Sociology of Management and 

Organizations. Luther Gulick ve Lyndall Urwick (IV. Cilt Editörleri), 

Papers on the Science of Administration. (s.198-204), New York: 

Routledge.

Güler, B. A. (1994). Nesnesini Arayan Disiplin: Kamu Yönetimi. 

Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 27(4), 3-19.

Güler, B. A. (2003). Yönetişim: Tüm İktidar Sermayeye. Praksis,

(9), 93-116.

Güler, B. A. (2004). Değişme ve Disiplin. II. Kamu Yönetimi Forumu, Hacettepe Üniversitesi İİBF Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü, Bildiriler, 

Ankara, 7-8 Ekim 2004.

Güler, B. A. (2011). Yönetim Bilimi ya da Kamu Yönetimi: Yöntembilimsel Özellikler Üzerine. Filiz Kartal (Editör), Türkiye’de 

Kamu Yönetimi ve Kamu Politikaları. (s. 9-44), Ankara: TODAİE. 

401

Güler, B. A. (2013a). Türkiyenin Yönetimi, Yapı. Ankara: İmge 

Kitabevi. 

Güler, B. A. (2013b). Kamu Personeli: Sistem ve Yönetim. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi. 

Halstead, T. J. (2005). An Overview of the Impeachment Process. 

CRS Report for Congress, 98-806.

Hamilton, A., Madison J., Jay, J. (2005). The Federalist. J. R. Pole 

(Editör) Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. 

Hatipoğlu, G. O. (2016). Amerikan Yönetim Düşüncesinin Doğuşu (1776-1920) (Yayımlanmış Doktora Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, 

Ankara, Türkiye.

Hatipoğlu, G. O. (2013). Alexander Hamilton ve Hamiltonculuk, 

Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 46(4) 67-92.

Hays, R. A. (2012). The Federal Government and Urban Housing. Albany: State University of New York Press. 

Hemingway, M., Severino, C. (2019). Justice on Trial: The Kavanaugh Confirmation and the Future of the Supreme Court. Washington, DC: Regnery Publishing. 

Hoekstra, V. J. (2003). Public Reaction to Supreme Court Decisions. New York: Cambridge University Press. 

Hogan, S. O. (2006). An Introduction to State Courts and Law. Sean 

O. Hogan (Editor), The Judicial Branch of State Government: People, Process, And Politics. (s.1-37), California: ABC &CLIO Inc.

Hogue, H. B. (2012). Presidential Reorganization Authority: History, Recent Initiatives, and Options for Congress. CRS Report for 

Congress, 7-5700.

Holcombe, G. R. (2002). From Liberty to Democracy the Transformation of American Government. Ann Arbor: The University of 

Michigan Press.

Holdren, J. P., Smith, M. (2017). Cabinet Exit Memo, Office of 

Science and Technology Policy Executive Office of the President, 

https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_exit_memo_final.pdf (17.06.2021).

402

Hudson, D. L. (2008). The Handy Supreme Court Answer Book.

Detroit: Visible Ink Press.

Hulse, C. (2019). Confirmation Bias: Inside Washington’s War 

Over the Supreme Court, from Scalia’s Death to Justice Kavanaugh. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

Janda, K., Berry, J. M., Goldman, J. (2011). The Challenge of Democracy: American Government in Global Politics. Boston: 

Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc.

Janda, K., Berry, J. M., Goldman, J., Hula, K., W. (2012). The 

Challenge of Democracy American Government in Global Politics 

Essentials Edition. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc. 

Jillson, C. (2008). American Government, Political Change and 

Institutional Development. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis 

Group.

Jordan, M. (2020). The Art of Her Deal: The Untold Story of Melania Trump. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Jorgenson, A., Saavedra, M. (2018). The Electoral College, Battleground States, and Rule-Utilitarian Voting. Social Choice and Welfare.

9(11), 2-29. DOI: 10.1007/s00355-018-1128-2.

Kaiser, R.G. (2013). Act of Congress: How America's Essential 

Institution Works, and How It Doesn't. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Kaplan, D. S. (2015). An Introduction to The American Legal 

System, Government and Constitution. New York: Wolters Kluwer.

Keene, J. D., Cornell, S., O’Donnell, E. (2013). Visions of America: A History of the United States. New York: Pearson.

Keskin, N. E. (2006). Türkiye’de Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininin Köken Sorunu. Amme İdaresi Dergisi. 39(2) 1-28.

Ketcham, R. (1984). Presidents Above Party: The First American Presidency, 1789-1829. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.

Kettl, D. F. (2002). The Transformation of Governance: Public 

Administration for Twenty-First Century America. Maryland: The 

Johns Hopkins University Press.

403

Kettl, D. F (2007). The Material Background. David H. Rosenbloom ve Howard E. Mccurdy (Editörler), Revisiting Waldo’s Administrative State: Constancy and Change in Public Administration.

(s.15-34) Washington: Georgetown University Press.

Kettl, D. F. (2009). The Next Government of The United States: 

Why Our Institutions Fail Us and How To Fix Them. New York: 

W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.

Kettl, D. F. (2018). Politics of the Administrative Process. California: CQ Press.

Kincaid, J. (2014). Early State History and Constitutions. Donald P. 

Haider-Markel (Editör), The Oxford Handbook of State and Local 

Government. (s.1-38), Oxford: Oxford University Press. 

Knox, R. (2017). History and Relevance of Patronage, the Civil Service Reform and the Pendleton Act: The Rationale for Congressional 

Intervention. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 

7(2), 55-65.

Kropf, M. E. (2016). Institutions and the Right to Vote in America. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Imprint

Krutz, G. (2017). American Government. Texas: Rice University 

OpenStax.

Lamb, C. M., Neiheisel, J. R. (2021). Constitutional Landmarks: 

Supreme Court Decisions on Separation of Powers, Federalism, 

and Economic Rights. New York: Palgrave Macmillan

Lamb, C. M., Neiheisel, J. R. (2020). On Studying the Trump Presidency. Charles M. Lamb, Jacob R. Neiheisel (Editörler), Presidential 

Leadership and the Trump Presidency Executive Power and Democratic Government. (s.1-16), New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Landy, M. S. & Milkis M. (2008). American Government and Balancing Democracy and Rights. UK: Cambridge University Press.

Langrod, G. (1970). Yönetim Hukuku ve Yönetim Bilimi: Karşıtlık 

veya Uyuşum (Visalettin Pekiner, Çev.), Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 3(2), 

156-172.

Lee, D., Van Ryzin, G. G. (2018). Bureaucratic Reputation in 

the Eyes of Citizens: An Analysis of U.S. Federal Agencies. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 86 (1), 183-200.

404

Leland, S., Wishman, H. (2014). Local Legislatures. Markel-Haider, D. P. (Editor) The Oxford Handbook of State and Local Government, New York: Oxford University Press Inc.

Lenz, T. O., Holman, M. (2013). American Government. Florida: 

University Press of Florida.

Libonati, M. E. (2005). State Constitutions and Local Government 

in The United States. Nico Steytler (Editör), The Place and Role of 

Local Government in Federal Systems. (s.11-27), Johannesburg: 

Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung.

Library of Congress, (2020). American Memory Timeline. 

http://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/ (01.05.2020).

Lim, E. (2011), The Anti-Federalist Strand in Progressive Politics 

and Political Thought. Political Research Quarterly, 66(1), 32-45.

Lijphart, A. (2008). Thinking about Democracy: Power Sharing 

and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. New York: Routledge.

Lijphart, A. (2012). Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms 

and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Locke, J. (1980). Second Treatise of Government. Indiana: Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.

Losco, J., Baker, R. (2018). American Government 2017-2018. 

New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

Loughlin, M. (2000). Sword and Scales: An Examination of the 

Relationship between Law and Politics. Oregon: Hart Publishing.

Loughlin, M. (2010). Foundations of Public Law. New York: 

Oxford University Press. 

Lowi, T. J., Ginsberg, B., Shepsle, K. A., Ansolabehere, S. (2017). 

American Government: Power & Purpose. New York: W.W. Norton 

& Company. 

Lowi, T. J., Ginsberg, B., Shepsle, K. A., Ansolabehere, S. (2019). 

American Government: Power & Purpose. New York: W.W. Norton 

& Company. 

405

Maggs, G. E., Smith, P. J. (2011). Constitutional Law: A Contemporary Approach. United States: Thomson Reuters. 

Malone, P. S. (2017). The Bureaucratic Landscape: Origin and Implications for the Federal Leader. David H. Rosenbloom, Patrick S. Malone, Bill Valdez (Editörler), The Handbook of Federal Government 

Leadership and Administration Transforming, Performing, and 

Innovating in a Complex World. (s.1-23), New York: Routledge.

Mann, T. E., Ornstein, N.J. (2006). The Broken Branch: How 

Congress is Failing America and How to Get It Back on Track. New 

York: Oxford University Press, Inc.

Manning, J. E. (2021). Membership of the 117th Congress: A Profile. CRS Report for Congress, R46705.

Manweller, M. (2006). The Roles, Functions, and Powers of State 

Courts. Sean O. Hogan (Editor), The Judicial Branch of State Government: People, Process and Politics. (s.37-96), California: ABC 

&CLIO Inc.

Mashaw, J. L. (2012). Creating the Administrative Constitution: 

The Lost One Hundred Years of American Administrative Law.

New Haven: Yale Universty Press.

May P. J., Workman, S. (2009). The Paradox of Agency Issue Attention: The Bush Administration and Homeland Security. Colin Provost ve Paul Teske (Editörler), President George W. Bush’s Influence 

Over Bureaucracy and Policy, Extraordinary Times, Extraordinary Powers. (s.123-146), New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Mayer, W. G. (2007). The Swing Voter in American Presidential 

Elections. American Politics Research. 35(358), 358-388. DOI: 

10.1177/1532673X06297000

Mayhew, D. R. (2000). America’s Congress: Actions in the Public Sphere, James Madison Through Newt Gingrich. New Haven: 

Yale University Press.

McCaleb, G. D. (1999). Solution-Shaped Government, Issues of 

Democracy, Democratic Local Government. Electronic Journals of 

the US. Information Agency, 4(1), 12-16. https://usa.usembassy.de/etexts/gov/ijde0499.pdf (21.09.2020).

406

McClain, P. D., Tauber, C. T. (2018). American Government in 

Black and White: Diversity and Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press.

McDonald, J. (2008). Urban America: Growth, Crisis and Rebirth.

New York: M.E. Sharpe Inc.

McKay, D. (2000). Essentials of American Government. Colorado: Westview Press.

McMillion, B. J. (2018). Supreme Court Appointment Process: Senate Debate and Confirmation Vote. CRS Report for Congress, 7-

5700.

McPherson, H. (1972). A Political Education. Boston: Little 

Brown.

Mecham, L. R. (2001). The Federal Court System In the United 

States: An Introduction for Judges and Judicial Administrators in 

Other Countries. Washington: Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts.

Meier, K. J., O’toole, L. J. (2011). Bureaucracy in a Democratic 

State: A Governance Perspective. New York: Cambridge University 

Press.

Milakovich, E. M., Gordon, G. J., (2009). Public Administration 

in America. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

Miller, H. T., Fox C. J. (2007). Postmodern Public Administration. New York: M.E. Sharpe, Inc.

Morone, J. A., Kersh, R. (2018). By the People Debating American Government. New York: Oxford University Press.

Mounk Y. (2018). The People vs. Democracy: Why Our Freedom Is in Danger and How to Save It. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Mullin, M., Hughes, S. (2014). Local Boundaries. Donald P. Haider-Markel (Editör), The Oxford Handbook of State and Local Government. (s.1-23), Oxford: Oxford University Press. 

Munoz, V. P. (2009). God and the Founders: Madison, Washington, and Jefferson. New York: Cambridge University Press. 

407

Murphy, J. (2007). The Impeachment Process. New York: Chelsea House Publishers.

NAACP, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (2020). Opposition to the Confirmation of Judge Amy Coney Barrett. A Report by the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, 

Inc. https://www.naacpldf.org/wp-content/uploads/Barrett_Report_10.12.20-FINAL-1.pdf (10.11.2020).

NCSL, National Conference of State Legislatures (2018). State Legislative Policymaking in an Age of Political Polarization. Center for 

Legislative Strengthening. https://www.ncsl.org/Portals/1/Documents/ 

About_State_Legislatures/Partisanship_030818.pdf (21.09.2020).

Neale, T. H. (2017). The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections. CRS Report for Congress.

https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL32611.pdf (31.05.2020).

Nelson, K. (2011). State-Level Autonomy and Municipal Government Structure: Influence on Form of Government Outcomes. American Review of Public Administration, 41(5), 542-561. https://doi. 

org/10.1177/0275074010382134

Newbold, S. P. (2010). All But Forgotten: Thomas Jefferson and 

the Development of Public Administration. New York: State University of New York Press.

Norton, M. B., Sheriff, C., Katzman, D. M., Blight D. W., Chudacoff, H. P., Logevall, F., Bailey, B. (2008). A People & A Nation: 

A History of the United States. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Obama, B. (2020). A Promise Land. New York: Crown, Penguin 

Random House LLC.

O’connor, K., Sabato, L. J., Yanus, A. B. (2011). American Government Roots and Reform. New York: Longman.

O’connor, K., Sabato, L. J., Yanus, A. B. (2016). American Government Roots and Reform, 2014 Elections and Updates Edition.

London: Pearson Education Inc.

Oğuz M. C. (2017). ABD’de ‘Progressivism’ Hareketi ve Woodrow 

Wilson’un Kurucu Babalar’a İtirazı. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 50(1), 1-

25.

408

Onuf, P. S. (2000). Jefferson’s Empire: The Language of American Nationhood. Charlottesville: The University Press of Virginia.

O’Toole, L. J., Meier, K. J. (2011). Public Management Organizations, Governance, and Performance. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Owens, M. L. (2007). God and Government in the Ghetto. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Ömürgönülşen, U., Zengin, O. (2020). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde Kamu Yönetimi. Koray Karasu (Editör), Kamu Yönetimi Ülke 

İncelemeleri. (s.349-436), Ankara: İmge Kitapevi.

Özer, M. A. (2014). Kamu Yönetiminde Değişim Sürecini Dwight 

Waldo ile Yeniden Düşünmek. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 47(4), 1-30.

Pacelle, R. L. (2002). The Role of the Supreme Court in American Politics: The Least Dangerous Branch. Colorado: Westview 

Press.

Paine, T. (1918). Common Sense. New York: Peter Eckler Publishing Co.

Paine, T. (1995). Rights of Man, Common Sense and Other Political Writings. New York: Oxford University Press.

Paletz, D. L., Owen, D., Cook, T. E. (2012). 21st Century American Government and Politics. https://2012books.lardbucket.org/pdfs/21st-century-american-government-and-politics.pdf

(31.05.2020).

Patrick, J. J., Pious, R. M., Ritchie, D. A. (2001). The Oxford Guide to the United States Government. UK: Oxford University Press.

Patrick, J. J. (2001). The Supreme Court of the United States: A 

Student Companion. New York: Oxford University Press.

Perry, M. J. (2009). Constitutional Rights, Moral Controversy 

and The Supreme Court. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Pew Research Center (2019). In US, Decline of Christianity Continues at Rapid Pace: An Update on America’s Changing Religious, 

Landscape. https://www.pewforum.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2019/10/Trends-in-Religious-Identity-and-Attendance-FORWEB-1.pdf (20.07.2020).

409

Pilon, R. (2002). Madison’s Constitutional Vision: The Legacy of 

Enumerated Powers John Samples (Editör), James Madison and the 

Future of Limited Government. (s.25-42), Washington: Cato Institute.

Pious, R. M. (2001). The Presidency of the United States. New 

York: Oxford University Press Inc.

Polsby, N. W., Wildavsky, A., Schier, E. S., Hopkins, D. A. (2016). 

Presidential Elections: Strategies and Structures of American Politics. Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.

Posner, R. A. (1999). An Affair of State: The Investigation, Impeachment, and Trial of President Clinton. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Postell, J. (2017). Bureaucracy in America: The Administrative 

State’s Challenge to Constitutional Government. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press. 

Raadschelders, J. C. N. (2000). Administrative history of the United 

States Development and State of the Art. Administration & Society,

32(5), 499-528.

Raadschelders, J. C. N. (2003). Government A Public Administration Perspective. New York: M.E. Sharpe.

Raadschelders, J. C. N. (2010). Is American Public Administration 

Detached from Historical Context? On the Nature of Time and the Need 

to Understand It in Government and Its Study. The American Review 

of Public Administration, 40(3), 235-260.

Raadschelders, J. C. N. (2011). Public Administration: The Interdisciplinary Study of Government. New York: Oxford University 

Press.

Rainey, H. G. (2003). Understanding and Managing Public Organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Wiley Imprint.

Raskin, J. B. (2003). Overruling Democracy: The Supreme Court vs. The American People. New York: Routledge.

Read, J. H. (2000). Power versus Liberty: Madison, Hamilton, 

Wilson, and Jefferson. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.

410

Regens, J. L., Gaddie, R. K. (2005). The Economic Realities of 

Political Reform: Elections and the U.S. Senate. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Remy, Richard C. (2007). United States Government: Democracy in Action. New York: Glencoe McGraw-Hill.

Richardson, S. P., Neale, T. H. (2003). House and Senate Vacancies: 

How Are They Filled. CRS Report for Congress, 97-1009.

Roberts, J. G. (2019). 2019 Year End Report on the Federal Judiciary. 31 December 2019, Supreme Court of the United States. 

https://www.supremecourt.gov/publicinfo/year-end/2019year-endreport.pdf (31.05.2020).

Rosen, J. (2006). The Most Democratic Branch: How the Courts 

Serve America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Rosenbloom, D. H. (2000). Building a Legislative-Centered Public Administration: Congress and the Administrative State, 1946–

1999. Alabama: The University of Alabama Press.

Rosenbloom, D. H., O’leary, R., Chanin, J. (2010). Public Administration and Law. New York: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.

Rosenbloom, D. H. (2015). Administrative Law for Public Managers. Colorado: Westview Press.

Roskin, M. G. (2016). Countries and Concepts: Politics, Geography, Culture. New York: Pearson. 

Roskin, M. G., Cord, R. L., Mederios, J. A., Jones, W. S. (2017). 

Political Science: An Introduction. New York: Pearson.

Ross, A. C. (2013). State and Local Government the Basics of 

American Government. Georgia: University Press of North Georgia.

Rutkus, D. S. (2009). Supreme Court Appointment Process: Roles 

of the President, Judiciary Committee and Senate. Betsy Palmer (Editör), Supreme Court Nominations. New York: Nova Science Publishers Inc.

Rybicki, E. (2019). Veto Override Procedure in the House and Senate. CRS Report for Congress, 7-5700.

Rybicki, E., Greene, M. (2021). The Impeachment Process in the 

Senate. CRS Report for Congress, R46185.

411

Saklı, A. R. (2013). Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininin Kökenleri: Prusya 

Ekolü. Ege Akademik Bakış, 13(13), 285-294.

Sanghvi, M. (2019). Gender and Political Marketing in the United States and the 2016 Presidential Election: An Analysis of Why 

She Lost. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Santoni, G. J. (1986). The Employment Act of 1946: Some History 

Notes, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 68(11), 5-16.

Sargent, J. F., Shea, D. A. (2014). The President’s Office of Science 

and Technology Policy (OSTP): Issues for Congress. CRS Report for 

Congress, RL-34706.

Savage, D. G. (2010). The U.S. Supreme Court. Washington: CQ 

Press.

Sayman, C. (2006). Dwight Waldo ve Yönetim Yazını (Yüksek 

Lisans Tezi). Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye.

Schmidt, S. W., Bardes, B. A., Shelley, M. C. (2012). American 

Government and Politics Today, The Essentials. Boston: Wadsworth 

Cengage Learning Inc.

Schmidt, S. W., Shelley II, M. C., Bardes, B. A. (2017). American 

Government and Politics Today, 2016–2017 Brief Edition. Boston: 

Cengage Learning Inc.

Schmidt, S. W., Shelley II, M. C., Bardes, B. A. (2019). American 

Government and Politics Today, 2018-2019 Brief Edition. Boston: 

Cengage Learning Inc.

Schneider, J. (2018). The First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to 

Proceedings on the Senate Floor. CRS Report for Congress, 7-5700.

Schultz, D. (2004). Encyclopedia of Public Administration and 

Public Policy. New York: Facts on File, Inc.

Schultz, D. (2005). Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court. New 

York: Library of Congress Publication.

Scott E. L., McCray, K. W., Bell, D., Overton, S. (2018). Racial 

Diversity Among Top House Staff. Washington: Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies.

412

Shane, P. M. (2009). Madison’s Nightmare: How Executive 

Power Threatens American Democracy. Chicago: The University of 

Chicago Press.

Sheldon, C. H. (2002). Essentials of the American Constitution: 

The Supreme Court and Fundamental Law. Colorado: Westview 

Press.

Sheppard, F., (1855). The Constitutional Textbook: A Practical 

and Familiar Exposition of the Constitution of the United States.

Philadelphia: Childs & Peterson.

Shafritz, J. M., Hyde, A. C. (2016). Kamu Yönetimi Klasikleri.

Ankara: Global Politika ve Strateji.

Shafritz, J. M., Hyde, A. C. (2017). Classics of Public Administration. Boston: Cengage Learning.

Shin, M. E. (2008). The Victory of Barack Obama. Erik Jones ve 

Salvatore Vassallo (Editörler), The 2008 Presidential Elections a

Story in Four Acts. (s.135-150), New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Sidlow, E., Henschen B. (2018). Principles of American Government. Boston: Cengage Learning.

Simon, H. A., Smithburg, D. W., Thompson, V. A. (1985). Kamu 

Yönetimi (C. Mıhçıoğlu, Çev.). Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal 

Bilgiler Fakültesi Yayınları. 

Singh, R. (2003). American Government and Politics, A Concise 

Introduction. California: Sage Publications.

Sinclair, B. (1998). The Plot Thickens: Congress and the President. 

Herbert F. Weisberg ve Samuel C. Patterson (Editörler), Great Theatre 

the American Congress in the 1990s. (s. 175-196) New York: Cambridge University Press.

Skidmore, M. J. (2016). Presidents, Pandemics and Politics. Michael A. Genovese (Editör), The Evolving American Presidency Series. (s.1-97), New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

Skidmore, M. J., Tripp C. M. (1989). American Government a 

Brief Introduction. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

413

Sloof, R. (1998). Game-Theoretic Models of the Political Influence of Interest Groups. New York: Springer Science Bussiness Media.

Smith, R. A. (2010). Importing Democracy Ideas from Around 

the World to Reform and Revitalize American Politics and Government. California: ABC-Clio, LLC.

Smith, S. S., Roberts, J. M., Wielen, R. J. V. (2006). The American 

Congress. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Soifer, P., Hoffman, A., Voss, S. (2001). American Government.

New York: Hungry Minds Inc.

Soifer, P., Hoffman, A. (2001). United States History. New York: 

IDG Books Worldwide, Inc.

Sommer, U. (2014). Supreme Court Agenda Setting Strategic 

Behavior During Case Selection. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 

Spanier, J., Nogee, J. (1981). Congress the Presidency and American Foreign Policy. New York: Pergamon Press Inc.

Spiller, J., Clancey, T., Young, S., Mosley, S. (2005). The United 

States, 1763–2001. New Yok: Routledge

Steinzor, R., Shapiro, S. (2010). The People’s Agents and the 

Battle to Protect the American Public Special Interests, Government, and Threats to Health, Safety, and the Environment. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 

Stimson, J. A., Mackuen, B., Erikson, R. S. (2002). The Macro Polity. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Stimson, J. A. (2004). Tides of Consent: How Public Opinion 

Shapes American Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press. 

Stine, D. D. (2009). The Presidents Office of Science and Technology (OSTP): Issues for Congress. CRS Report for Congress, 

20.03.2009, 7-5700. 

Storey, W. (2007). US Government and Politics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Stowers, G. (1996). Miami: Experiences in Regional Government. 

H.V. Savitch ve Ronald K. Vogel (Editörler), Regional Politics: America in a Post-City Age. (s.185-203), California: Sage Publications Inc.

414

Strauss, P. L. (1984). The Place of Agencies in Government: Separation of Powers and the Fourth Branch. Columbia Law Review, 84(3),

574-667.

Sunstein, C. R. (2001). A Case Study in Group Polarization, with 

Warnings for the Future. Leonard V. Kaplan ve Beverly I. Moran (Editörler), Aftermath: The Clinton Impeachment and the Presidency 

in the Age of Political Spectacle. (s.11-21), New York: New York 

University Press.

Sunstein, C. R., Schkade, D., Ellman, L.M., Sawicki, A. (2006). Are 

Judges Political: An Empirical Analysis of the Federal Judiciary. 

Washington: Brookings Institution Press.

Sunstein, C. R. (2019). Impeachment: A Citizen’s Guide. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Susman, I. W. (2003). Culture as History: The Transformation 

of American Society in the Twentieth Century. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. 

Swalwell, E. (2020). Endgame: Inside the Impeachment of Donald J. Trump. New York: Abrams Press.

Swirski, P. (2015). American Political Fictions: War on Errorism in Contemporary American Literature, Culture and Politics.

New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Şaylan, G. (2000). Kamu Yönetim Disiplininde Bunalım ve Yeni 

Açılımlar Üzerine Düşünceler, Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 33 (2), 1-22.

Targonski, R. (2000) Anahatları ile ABD Devlet Yapısı. Ankara: 

Amerikan Büyükelçiliği Hakla İlişkiler Birimi.

Taylor, A. (2011). The Ideological Operation of the United States 

Supreme Court. Senior Honors Theses. State University of New York. 

Teaford, J. C. (2002). The Rise of the States, Evolution of American State Government. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University 

Press.

The Executive Office of the President, CEQ (2019). Council on Environmental Quality, Freedom of Information Act Handbook, Washington, D.C. 20503, https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/ceq/foia_handbook_2-27-12.pdf (17.06.2021).

415

The National Association of Towns and Townships (2019). Town 

and Township Government in the United States, NATaT.

https://www.toi.org/Resources/87748A89-B591-4209-AB28-

4F81CA6DA1C9/ NATAT%20About%20Towns%20and%20Townships.pdf (12.08.2020).

The National Association of Towns and Townships (2020). 2020 

NATaT Federal Platform, NATaT. http://www.natat.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/2020-NATaT-Policy-Platform.pdf (12.08.2020).

The White House (2020). Guidelines Opening Up America Again, Proposed State or Regional Gating Criteria. https://www.whitehouse.gov/openingamerica/ (21.09.2020).

Thompson J. R. (2007). Federal Labor-Management Relations under George W. Bush: Enlightened Management or Political Retribution. 

James S. Bowman ve Jonathan P. West (Editörler), American Public 

Service, Radical Reform and the Merit System. (s.233-250), Florida: 

CRC Press.

Thomson, I. T. (2010). Culture Wars and Enduring American 

Dilemmas. Ann Arbor: The University Of Michigan Press.

Tobias, R. M. (2017). Leadership Development an Investment Necessary to Increase Federal Employee Engagement and Federal Government Productivity. David H. Rosenbloom, Patrick S. Malone ve 

Bill Valdez (Editörler), The Handbook of Federal Government Leadership and Administration: Transforming, Performing and Innovating in a Complex World. (s.113-135), New York: Routledge.

Tribe, L., Matz, J. (2018). To End a Presidency: The Power of 

Impeachment. New York: Hachette Book Group.

Trump, L. M. (2020). Too Much and Never Enough: How My 

Family Created the World's Most Dangerous Man. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Turan, H. C. (2017). Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde Yerel yönetimler. International Journal of Education Technology and Scientific Researches. 2(2), 1-19. 

Tushnet, M. V. (1997). Making Constitutional Law: Thurgood 

Marshall and the Supreme Court. New York: Oxford University 

Press.

416

Türker, M. (1999). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde Mahalli İdareler. 

Muammer Türker (Editör), Dünyada Mahalli İdareler, (s.597-599), 

Ankara: İBMİGM.

Twombly, J. (2013). The Progression of the American Presidency: Individuals, Empire, and Change. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Tyson, V. C. (2016). Twists of Fate, Multiracial Coalitions and 

Minority Representation in the U.S. House of Representatives. New 

York: Oxford University Press.

Unah, I (2009). The Supreme Court in American Politics. New 

York: Palgrave Macmillan.

United Nations (2018). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 

Revision Key Facts. https://population.un.org/wup/ (21.09.2021).

United States Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations, (1964). The Problem of Special Districts in American Goverment. A Commission Report, Washington: ACIR.

United States Department of State Bureau of International Information Programs (2004). About America, the Constitution of the United 

States of America with Explanatory Notes. Chicago: World Book 

Inc. 

United States Department of State Bureau of International Information Programs (2011). Outline of US. History. Learner English Series.

United States Department of State Bureau of International Information Programs (2020). US History in Brief. Learner English Series.http://www.america.gov/publications/books/learner_english.html

(01.05.2020).

United States Department of State Bureau of International Information Programs (2020). USA History in Brief. Learner English Series. 

https://photos.state.gov/libraries/amgov/30145/publications-english/learner_english.pdf (01.05.2020).

United States Government (2020). US History and Historical Documents. ngress (2020). The Structure of the Government Must 

Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different De-

417

partments, Federalist No. 51. https://www.congress.gov/resources/display/content/The+Federalist+ Papers#TheFederalistPapers51 (05.05.2020).

United States Census Bureau, (1990). Geographic Areas Reference Manual. https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/geography/guidance/geographic-areas-reference-manual.html (19.08.2020).

United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, (2021). Current Employment Statistics Highlights: Current Employment Statistics Highlights. 202-691-6555. https://www.bls.gov/ces/publications/highlights/2020/current-employment-statistics-highlights-12-2020.pdf

(09.02.2021).

Uysal, F. (2016). Bir Devletin Anatomisi: ABD ve Başkanlık Sistemi. Ankara: Hece Yayınları.

Uz, B. (2019). ABD İç Güvenlik Yönetimi. Tekin Avaner ve Can 

Umut Çiner (Editörler), Karşılaştırmalı İç Güvenlik Yönetimine Giriş: Ülke Örnekleri. (s.255-309), Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.

Uz, B. (2020). Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Ulusal Güvenlik Politikalarının Gelişimi ve Uygulanması. Gökhan Sarı ve Taner Alabacak 

(Editörler), Tematik Güvenlik Çalışmaları. (s. 238-251), Ankara: Pegem Akademi.

Üstüner, Y. (2000). Kamu Yönetimi Kuramı ve Kamu İşletmeciliği 

Okulu. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 33(3), 15-31.

Üstüner, Y. (2012). Kamu Yönetimi Disiplininde Kimlik Sorunsalı. 

Burhan Aykaç, Şenol Durgun, Hüseyin Yayman (Editörler), Türkiye’de Kamu Yönetimi. (s. 545-559), Ankara: Nobel Yayınları. 

Verhoeven, T. (2019). Secularists, Religion and Government in 

Nineteenth-Century America. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Vile, M. J. C. (1998). Constitutionalism and the Separation of 

Powers. Indianapolis: Liberty Funds.

Vogel, R. K., Imbroscio, D. (2013). Governing Metropolitan Regions in the United States. Enid Slack, Rupak Chattopadhyay (Editörler), 

Governance and Finance of Metropolitan Areas in Federal Systems. (s. 291-323), Ontario: Oxford University Press.

Volkomer, W.E. (2013). American Government. New York: Pearson Education Inc.

418

Voss Hubbard, M. (2002). Beyond Party Cultures of Antipartisanship in Northern Politics before the Civil War. Maryland: The 

Johns Hopkins University Press.

Waldo, D. (1948). The Administrative State: A Study of the Political Theory of American Public Administration. New York: Ronald Press Company.

Waldron, J. (2013). Separation of Power Thought and Practice. Boston College Law Review, 54 433-468.

Warner, L. W., Van Riper, P. P., Martin, N. H., Collins, O. F. 

(1963). The American Federal Executive. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Wartell, S. R. (2009). National Economic Council, Change for 

America, Center for American Progress, 15-22. https://images2.americanprogress.org/CAPAF/2008/changeforamerica/WhiteHouse_03_Wartell.pdf (17.06.2021).

Watry, R. A. (2006). The People Who Serve in State Court Systems. 

Sean O. Hogan (Editor), The Judicial Branch of State Government: 

People, Process, And Politics. (s.139-170), California: ABC &CLIO 

Inc.

Watts, D. (2010). Dictionary of American Government and Politics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press Ltd.

Weber, M. (1995), Toplumsal ve Ekonomik Örgütlenme Kuramı. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.

Welch, S., Gruhl, J., Rigdon, M. S., Thomas, S. (2012). Understanding American Government. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning

Inc.

Wheeler, D., A. (2008). Presidential Power in Action Implementing Supreme Court Detainee Decisions. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Wheeler, R. R., Harrison, C. (2005). Creating the Federal Judicial 

System. Washington: Federal Judicial Center Publication. 

Whitby, K.J., Gilliam F. D. (1998). Representation in Congress: 

Line Drawing and Minorities. Herbert F. Weisberg ve Samuel C. Patterson (Editörler), Great Theatre the American Congress in the 

1990s. (s. 33-51) New York: Cambridge University Press.

419

White, L. D. (1948). Introduction to the Study of Public Administration. New York: The Mac Millan Company.

White, L. D. (1956). The Federalist, A Study in Administrative 

History. New York: The Mac Millan Company.

Wirls, D. (2015). The Federalist Papers and Institutional Power 

in American Political Development. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Wuthnow, R (2013). Smalltown America: Finding Community, 

Shaping The Future. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Wilson J. Q. (1975). The Rise of the Bureaucratic State. The Public 

Interest, (41), 77-103.

Wilson, J. Q., Dilulio, J. J. Jr. (2008). American Government Institutions and Policies. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Wilson, J. Q. (2009). American Government: Brief Edition. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc.

Wilson, J. Q., Dilulio, J. J., Bose, M. (2011). The Essentials of 

American Government: Institutions and Policies. Boston: 

Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc.

Wilson, J. Q. (2012). American Government Brief Version. Boston: Wadsworth Cengage Learning Inc.

Wilson, J. Q., Dilulio, J. J., Bose, M., Levendusky, M. M. (2019). 

American Government: Institutions and Policies. Boston: Cengage 

Learning Inc.

Wilson, C. W., Godwin, M. L., Clark W. (2020). Toward a More 

Inclusive Union? Examining the Increased Diversity of Candidates and 

Members of Congress. Sean D. Foreman, Marcia L. Godwin ve Walter 

Clark Wilson (Editörler), The Roads to Congress 2018: American 

Elections in the Trump Era. (s.11-30), New York: Palgrave Macmillan Imprint.

Wilson, W. (1887). The Study of Administration. Political Science 

Quarterly, 2(2), 197- 222. doi:10.2307/2139277

Wilson, W. (1900). Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.

Wilson, W. (1913). The New Freedom: A Call for the Emancipation of the Generous Energies of a People. New York: Page & Company.

420

Workman, S. (2015). The Dynamics of Bureaucracy in the U.S. 

Government: How Congress and Federal Agencies Process Information and Solve Problems. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Wright, D. S., Cho, L. C. (2000). State Administration and Intergovernmental Interdependency. John J. Gargan (Editör), Handbook of 

State Government Administration. (s. 33-67), New York: Marcel 

Dekker Inc.

Wuthnow, R. (2013). Small-Town America, Finding Community, Shaping the Future. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Yates, H. E. (2019). The Politics of Spectacle and Emotion in the 

2016 Presidential Campaign. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Yılmaz, R. (2009). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde Belediye Hizmetlerine İki Örnek. Türk İdare Dergisi, 81(462), 9- 37.

Zamalin, A. (2015). African American Political Thought and 

American Culture: The Nation’s Struggle for Racial Justice. New 

York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Zaplin R., Valdez, B. (2017). Administering and Leading. David H. 

Rosenbloom, Patrick S. Malone, Bill Valdez (Editörler), The Handbook of Federal Government Leadership and Administration: 

Transforming, Performing, and Innovating in a Complex World.

(s.136-152), New York: Routledge.

Zengin, O. (2011). Amerikan Kamu Yönetimi Disiplinin Kuruluşunda Verimlilik Olgusunun Yeri. Mülkiye, XXXV(23), 43-54.

Zimmermann, U. (2007). Metropolitan Governance. Encyclopedia 

of Public Administration and Public Policy. Taylor & Francis. 

doi:10.1081/E-EPAP-120041422

Zuckerman, P. (2014). The Rise of the Nones: Why More Americans are Becoming Secular, and What that Means for America. Anthony B. Pinn (Editor), Theism and Public Policy: Humanist Perspectives and Responses. (s.32-52), New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 

Zweigenhaft, R. L. (2018). The Election of 2018: Diversity in the 

116th Congress. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329787654_The_Election_of_2018_Diversity_in_the_116th_Congress (17.05.2020).


Yorum Yap

Lütfen yorum yazmak için oturum açın ya da kayıt olun.